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71.
72.
文中在通过利用智能手段采用AIS网络对航行计划、交通管制、水文气象等VTS相关信息进行推送的相关领域进行了研究,以便提高船舶信息获取效率,减少VTS服务工作强度。 相似文献
73.
《铁道标准设计通讯》2020,(1):16-20
京张高铁官厅水库特大桥为简支拱型大跨度钢桁梁桥,为防止梁端转角或错台量过大,降低梁端扣件系统受力,梁缝处设计采用了过渡板结构。为保证过渡板设计合理性和安全性,建立过渡板有限元实体模型进行受力分析,并首次运用轨道极限状态法对过渡板结构进行配筋设计。分析表明:(1)温度梯度作用对过渡板(420 mm厚)受力影响较大,在设计荷载中占据主导因素,在正温度梯度下,过渡板底部弯矩达到124.155 kN·m/m;(2)过渡板底部纵向弯矩在荷载基本组合作用下达到最大值,且实配配筋率最大,配筋时应注意以裂缝宽度为控制指标进行设计。 相似文献
74.
刘菁华 《铁道标准设计通讯》2019,(2):131-136
为了提升铁路沿线城市空间物业开发的设计手法,结合宝鸡市南客站核心区站前广场工程的设计实践,从系统性设计观、工程性质解析、消防设计思路、空间建构方法、无缝接驳、技术要素等方面进行研究分析,展示将铁路与城市系统进行一体化设计、利用自然资源解决消防和投资问题、平层空间中对多种交通体系的有机组织、不同坐标和高程系统背景下分区域构建柱网、各板块交接处的问题解决等技术成果,总结出同类型建筑的设计思路,力求为该领域的建筑设计发展提供有益的借鉴。 相似文献
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The High Line is an elevated public park in New York City, transformed from an unused freight rail line. Pedestrians walking through Manhattan’s West Side can walk either on the High Line or on a footpath below. Using Manhattan as a laboratory, this paper offers a combined assessment of noise and particulate matter pollution for its pedestrians. Noise and PM2.5 levels were recorded simultaneously for two cases (i) pedestrians walking on a footpath alongside road traffic and (ii) pedestrians walking on the elevated High Line. Testing took places over three days in autumn 2014. Results were analysed to investigate if pedestrians using the High Line would have a lower pollution exposure to those using the footpath below. Results showed statistically significant differences between the upper and lower levels in exposure to both pollution types. In order to quantify the overall impact, results are expressed through a combined air–noise pollution index. This index indicates that the average reduction in PM2.5 and noise pollution along the High Line compared to the footpath below is approximately 37%. 相似文献
77.
Public transit systems with high occupancy can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to low-occupancy transportation modes, but current transit systems have not been designed to reduce environmental impacts. This motivates the study of the benefits of design and operational approaches for reducing the environmental impacts of transit systems. For example, transit agencies may replace level-of-service (LOS) by vehicle miles traveled (VMT) as a criterion in evaluating design and operational changes. In previous work, we explored the unintended consequences of lowering transit LOS on emissions in a single-technology transit system. Herein, we extend the analysis to account for a more realistic case: a transit system with a hierarchical structure (trunk and feeder lines) providing service to a city where demand is elastic. By considering the interactions between the trunk and the feeder systems, we provide a quantitative basis for designing and operating integrated urban transit systems that can reduce GHG emissions and societal costs. We find that highly elastic transit demand may cancel emission reduction potentials resulting from lowering LOS, due to demand shifts to lower occupancy vehicles. However, for mass transit modes, these potentials are still significant. Transit networks with buses, bus rapid transit or light rail as trunk modes should be designed and operated near the cost-optimal point when the demand is highly elastic, while this is not required for metro. We find that the potential for unintended consequences increases with the size of the city. Our results are robust to uncertainties in the costs and emissions parameters. 相似文献
78.
To determine the spatial distribution of rental stations and bikeways in a public bike system, this paper proposes a facility location and network design model. The model is developed as a multi-objective programing problem that considers four objectives (minimizing cyclist risk, maximizing cyclist comfort, minimizing adverse impacts on traffic and maximizing service coverage) and multiple constraints (monetary budget, network connectivity, station spacing, bikeway types, station number and value ranges of decision variables). The ε-constraint method solves the programing problem for the public bike system in Daan District, Taipei City, Taiwan. The nine non-dominated alternatives generated are all markedly better than existing locations of rental stations and bikeways. Scenario analysis results indicate that increasing the construction budget for bikeways significantly improves cyclist safety and comfort whilst increasing the adverse impact on traffic. Planners can use this model to develop public bike systems that spatially integrate rental stations and bikeway networks. 相似文献
79.
80.
为了获取导管螺旋桨水动力性能的主要影响因素,指导导管螺旋桨的优化设计,采用计算流体力学CFD对Ka4-7010+19A导管螺旋桨进行水动力性能研究,分析不同导管长度、导管攻角、螺旋桨纵倾角及多导管组对其水动力特性的影响。结果表明:减少导管长度将使推力系数及扭矩系数同时增大,而敞水效率下降;适当增加导管长度可以略微提高其敞水性能;减小导管攻角在一定进速范围内使推力系数和扭矩系数同时大幅度增加,增加导管攻角将导致推力系数和扭矩系数同时下降;当螺旋桨纵倾角保持在10°以内时,不会对敞水性能产生太大影响。对于多导管螺旋桨而言,前置、后置及不同附属导管直径大小都对敞水性能有很大影响,其中后置大导管组螺旋桨能明显降低螺旋桨扭矩系数,并且能在低进速范围内提升敞水效率。研究成果可支撑导管螺旋桨的优化设计。 相似文献